<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/1">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Breath of a Nation]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<p><span>Centered around prohibition enforcement, the aching desire for a drink and a soda fountain that is selling a little extra on the side.<br /><br />This short currently contains the oldest queer coded character in the database. When Silk Hat Harry’s Soda Fountain becomes a popular spot, one of the customers includes a queer coded character, as indicated by his thin physique, eyelashes, defined lips, flashy style, and posture. He originally entered due to his interest in a fruit sundae (a <span style="font-weight:400;">derogatory</span> reference to his queerness), but when he leaves, the treat has physically transformed him into a burly brute who soon destroys a lamppost.</span></p>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<p style="text-align:left;"><span><strong>Director: </strong><span class="prettify">Gregory La Cava</span></span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 1919<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality: </strong>Queer coded<br /><strong>Animation Style: </strong>Traditional<br /><span><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/Er5xCqaLsmY">https://youtu.be/Er5xCqaLsmY</a></p>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Er5xCqaLsmY" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/2">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Mary’s Little Lamb]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<span>Mary's lamb wants to attend the last day of school with her; music and hijinks ensue. <br /><br />During the festivities, Percy, a named animated queer coded character (an incredibly rare instance from this period), performs a dance for his classmates, making it the earliest example of a named queer coded character in the database.</span>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<span><strong>Director: </strong>Ub Iwerks</span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 1935<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality: </strong>Queer coded<br /><strong>Animation Style: </strong>Traditional<br /><span><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy, music(al)</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/kgfjvjyB1Aw">https://youtu.be/kgfjvjyB1Aw</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kgfjvjyB1Aw" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/3">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Krazy Kat Goes A-Wooing]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Krazy Kat tries to serenade his love interest, Ignaz, but does not succeed.<br /><br /><span>These characters originally appeared in the comic strip, </span></span>Krazy Kat created by cartoonist George Herriman. His credit in the opening titles was included for contractual reasons and he Herriman had no direct input on the short itself.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight:400;"><span>This short currently features the oldest explicitly queer character in the database. As examined in <em>The New Yorker</em> article "</span><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-gender-fluidity-of-krazy-kat">The Gender Fluidity of Krazy Kat</a>" b<span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylinePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byline__preamble">y </span>Gabrielle Bellot, <span>Herriman described Krazy Kat's sex as follows: "'They have no sex. So that Kat can't be classified as either male or female.'"</span><br /></span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Due to the lack of queer terminology from that period and Krazy Kat's fluctuating pronouns in the original comic strip, I will categorize Krazy Kat as androgynous and queer, and refer to them with they/them pronouns unless explicitly stated otherwise in a specific strip or short.</span></p>
<span><span style="font-weight:400;">For <em>Krazy Kat Goes A-Wooing</em>, the </span><a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/s1229m00557"><span style="font-weight:400;">copyright description</span></a><span style="font-weight:400;"> archived by the Library of Congress gave masculine pronouns for Krazy Kat. I shall keep androgynous and queer to reflect Herriman’s perspective on Krazy Kat and how the audience would have interpreted the short, while also including gay and implicit to reflect the information obtained in the copyright description.</span><br /></span>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<strong>Animation:</strong> Leon Searle<br /><strong>Year:</strong> 1916<br /><span><strong>Country:</strong> United States</span> <br /><strong>Gender and Sexuality:</strong> Androgyny, queer <br /><strong>Animation Style:</strong> Traditional <br /><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy <br /><strong>Type:</strong> Explicit, implicit, short<br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/1xLV94EFR5k">https://youtu.be/1xLV94EFR5k</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1xLV94EFR5k" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/4">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Fable of the Jolly Rounders]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-weight:400;">A wife gets into a fight and kicks out her husband after he arrives home late and intoxicated. His friend decides they should play a trick on her, and the friend disguises himself as a woman. Although there is much ambiguity about how close these two men actually are, by the end, all is resolved between the husband and wife, and they kiss while their brood of progeny dance around them.</span></p>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<span><strong>Director: </strong>Paul Terry</span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 1923<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality: </strong>Gender creative, queer<br /><strong>Animation Style: </strong>Traditional<br /><span><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_xSQCLVVu4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_xSQCLVVu4</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/R_xSQCLVVu4?si=rLAIDk3YkcmbPxeo" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/5">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[El Terrible Toreador]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<span><strong>Note: This film contains sexual violence.</strong><br /><br />A very loose burlesque adaptation of </span><em>Carmen</em><span>. <br /><br />In one scene during the bullfight, after the toreador punches the bull's behind several times, the bull transforms into an effeminate opponent and the two soon dance together.</span>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<span><strong>Director: </strong><span class="prettify">Walt Disney</span></span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 1929<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality: </strong>Queer coded<br /><strong>Animation Style: </strong>Traditional<br /><span><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/k59-RnBvxsQ">https://youtu.be/k59-RnBvxsQ</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/k59-RnBvxsQ" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/9">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Some Protection]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<span><span>Josie O'Dwyer, then an ex-inmate, narrates her experiences with the unjust and corrupt prison system in the United Kingdom. Though not explicitly stated, O'Dwyer's interest in women is briefly depicted in one scene, illustrating how officers prevented inmates from forming close bonds with each other.<br /><br />Information available about O'Dwyer, including her sexuality, is limited. In the book <em>Criminal Women: Autobiographical Accounts</em> edited by Pat Carlen, O'Dwyer contributed the chapter, "Josie: Surviving Holloway... and other Women's Prisons." O'Dwyer delves into the ways homophobia occurs in the prison system, and the officer's cruelty towards prisoners they suspected to be queer. Including how officers would purposefully disrupt relationships between women, regardless if it was platonic or romantic. Regarding lesbian relationships in prison, she viewed it as such:<br /><br />"Women need comfort and if you can get into a relationship in prison I, personally, think it's a good thing. It doesn't hurt to be comforted by another woman in prison, nobody should knock anyone for it." <br /> <br />Sadly, O'Dwyer commited suicide on October 27, 1997. An article from the <em>Daily Gazette </em>"</span></span><a href="https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/5537612.prison-death-riddle-as-inquest-returns-open-verdict/">Prison death riddle as inquest returns open verdict</a>" published o<span><span>n November 13, 1998 discussed her potential interest in women. The article focused on an alleged relationship between O'Dwyer and a nurse that occurred prior to O'Dwyer's death. A later article "</span></span><a href="https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/5461594.leigh-nurses-lesbian-affair/">Leigh: Nurse's lesbian affair</a>" <span><span>published on November 18, 2002 again by the <em>Daily Gazette</em> provded additional information about the alledged relationship between the two women.<br /><br /><br /></span></span>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<span><strong>Director: </strong>Marjut Rimminen</span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 1987<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United Kingdom<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality: </strong>Lesbian, queer<br /><strong>Animation Style: </strong>Traditional<br /><span><strong>Genre:</strong> Documentary</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on Vimeo or YouTube: <a href="https://vimeo.com/398308714">https://vimeo.com/398308714</a><br /><br /><iframe width="640" height="486" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/398308714?h=95ca5de604" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
<p></p>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/15">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Home Front]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Private Snafu believes his family at home is not doing their part for the war effort, until the Technical Fairy appears and corrects this misconception.<br /><br />Made for the military to help inform and boost recruits’ morale, the<em> Private Snafu </em>shorts provide insight into the type of cartoons that could be made without the Code's restrictions and censorship. In particular, these works often include more overt sexual jokes, nudity, and references to bodily functions. However, the latter is mainly due to the fact that these shorts aim to inform about proper hygiene procedures.<br /><br />While the Technical Fairy's sexuality is rarely explicitly depicted and arguably changes depending on the short, for instance, see the ending of <a href="https://youtu.be/2NJxGXp-FcM?t=229"><em>A Lecture on Camouflage</em></a> (Jones, 1944). In <em>The Home Front</em>, he kisses Snafu and comments, "Gosh, I didn't know you cared, woo-woo."]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<span><strong>Director: </strong>Frank Tashlin</span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 1943<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality:</strong> Queer <span>coded</span><br /><strong>Animation Style:<span> </span></strong><span>Traditional</span><br /><span><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy, war</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on Internet Archive, Vimeo, or YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/c1WOpaPHIls">https://youtu.be/c1WOpaPHIls</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/c1WOpaPHIls" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/19">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Betty Boop for President]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[When running for president, Betty Boop puts on a performance for the crowd. This includes two male impersonations which are in reference to Herbert Hoover and Al Smith. Interestingly, despite the masculine appearance, the rest of her outfit is very form fitting. <br /><br />Later on, when Betty Boop is declaring how she will change the country, we see how she will handle prison reform: instead of being electrocuted, a gruff prisoner is transformed into a queer coded pansy character.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<strong>Director:</strong> Dave Fleischer<br /><strong>Year:</strong> 1932<br /><span><strong>Country:</strong> United States</span><br /><strong>Gender and Sexuality:</strong> Drag, queer coded <br /><strong>Animation Style:</strong> Traditional <br /><strong>Genre:</strong> Comedy, music(al) <br /><strong>Type:</strong> <span>Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/ClplCxUVfFw">https://youtu.be/ClplCxUVfFw</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ClplCxUVfFw" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/22">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Betty Boop’s Penthouse]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Betty Boop is on the rooftop enjoying the sun and watering her plants, including a pansy. Meanwhile in another building, Koko and Bimbo accidently create a monstrous creature that they cannot control and soon it (while masculine in appearance and voice, the only pronouns used for the creature are it) goes onto Betty Boop’s rooftop. When Betty Boop uses her flower spray on the creature, it subsequently turns into a giant pansy.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<strong>Director:</strong><span> Dave Fleischer</span><br /><strong>Year:</strong><span> 1933<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States</span><br /><strong>Gender and Sexuality:</strong><span> Queer coded</span><br /><strong>Animation Style:</strong><span> Traditional</span><br /><strong>Genre: </strong><span>Comedy</span><br /><strong>Type:</strong><span> </span><span>Implicit, short</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/c84FDJzbqmo">https://youtu.be/c84FDJzbqmo</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/c84FDJzbqmo" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://queeranimation.omeka.net/items/show/24">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Steven Universe: The Movie]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<span>Set a few years after the conclusion of the <em>Steven Universe</em> television series (2013-2019), Steven, the Crystal Gems, and all his friends are excited to finally find some time to relax at Beach City; but when a new, destructive Gem arrives, will their plans be ruined?</span>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<span><strong>Director:</strong> Rebecca Sugar<br /><strong>Co-Director:</strong> Joe Johnston, Kat Morris</span><br /><span><strong>Year:</strong> 2019<br /><strong>Country:</strong> United States<br /></span><strong>Gender and Sexuality:</strong><span> Asexual, bisexual, drag, lesbian, nonbinary, queer</span><br /><strong>Animation Style:<span> </span></strong><span>Digital, traditional</span><br /><span><strong>Genre: </strong>Action, adventure, comedy, drama, fantasy, music(al), science fiction</span><br /><span><strong>Type:</strong> Explicit, feature, implicit</span><br /><br />Can currently be watched on Hulu, Max, or YouTube: <a href="https://youtu.be/-1gL374FIdc">https://youtu.be/-1gL374FIdc</a><br /><br /><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-1gL374FIdc" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>]]></dcterms:source>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>
